Every thing you want to know about Pertussis

Pertussis

Definition of Pertussis:

Whooping cough – infectious disease characterized by repeated attacks of spasmodic coughing which consists of aseries of explosive expirations, typically ending in a long-drawn forced inspiration which produces a crowing sound, the “whoop” & usually followed by vomiting.

Causative Agent  –  Bordetella pertussis

Incubation Period: 7 to 14 days

Period of Communicability: 7 days after exposure to 3 weeks after typical paroxysms.

Mode of Transmission of Pertussis:

·         Direct contact & droplet

·         Indirect through soiled linens & other articles contaminated by respiratory secretions.

Sources of infection: secretions from the nose & throat of infected persons- extremely contagious

Diagnostic Procedures of Pertussis:

·         Nasopharyngeal swabs

·         Sputum culture

·         CBC (Leukocytosis)

Modalities of Treatment of Pertussis:

1. Supportive therapy

a.       Fluid & electrolyte replacement

b.      adequate nutrition

c.       oxygen therapy

2. Antibiotics (erythromycin & ampicillin)

3. DPT vaccine

Nursing Management of Pertussis:

·         Isolation and asepsis should be carried out.

·         Should not leave the patient alone. Suctioning equipment should be ready at all times for emergency use to avoid airway obstruction.

·         Sunshine & fresh air are important.

·         Provide warm baths, keep the bed dry & free from soiled linens.

·         Intake & output should be closely monitored.